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Energy Savings by Use of the Correct Spray Nozzle |
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rwakefield |
| Date: |
2008-05-05 |
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Rising production costs and fierce competition is resulting in manufacturing companies looking at all aspects of savings, especially energy savings. Spray nozzles of the right specification can lead to significant savings in both energy and raw materials. One of the overlooked areas is the use of the correct spray nozzle. Whilst frequently ignored in the manufacturing process, it is often this item of equipment that is the most important. Header tanks, pumps sophisticated controls, pipe work are all immaterial if the spray nozzle “at the sharp end� is not delivering the right amount of fluid (flow rate) at the correct spray angle and with the right spray pattern. This can lead to excessive wear on the pumps and ancillary equipment resulting in higher energy consumption and related costs. The phrase – it sprays, is often used, but how effectively is often not considered. In addition to these more obvious savings there are a many “hidden� savings to be made. Expensive down time and failed equipment could be contributed to poor nozzle performance. Production lines designed to operate continuously are expensive items if shut down owing to badly performing spray nozzles and this failure could affect the total production plant with the resulting unsuccessful distribution to customers, which in turn may affect their production. All this from the wrong or poor performing spray nozzle!! The correct spray configuration is essential to maximise the spraying operation and continuous spray nozzle development will lead to greater beneficial savings. In addition, the wrong or worn out spray nozzle will eventually lead to poor finished products and possible rejection of expensive products. This could result in extra production to make good these shortfalls, with the resulting increase in energy costs. All this will reduce profit margins. Initial investment will be required to introduce the correct nozzle, but payback can probably be counted in months and in some case weeks. As an ongoing maintenance program, substantial savings will be made by regular inspection and maintenance of the spray operation and possible replacement when nozzles become worn, through blockages, corrosion, wear and accidental damage Regular maintenance of the spray nozzles must be undertaken to ensure the nozzles have optimum spray performance. All nozzle configurations should be analysed on a regular basis to ensure that the spray pattern, flow and operating pressure cannot be improved upon, possibly with new nozzle technology, or the fact that the application process has not changed. The latter being the case then a new specification should be sought. As well as energy savings, raw material savings must also be taken into consideration and it is feasible to experience water reduction of up to 40% in certain industries and spray nozzle applications. Also to be taken into consideration must be the application where the spray fluid is not water, but more expensive chemicals or fluids. With correct nozzle design even greater savings may be achieved. Energy savings can be made in pump operation and it some case it is possible to reduce the number of pressure pumps, thereby saving considerable operating costs and associated maintenance cost. To summarise, energy savings, raw material savings and a reduction in the wear and tear of other equipment can all be experienced if the correct spray nozzle is specified. The specification must include nozzle material, spray angle, spray pattern, flow and pressure. With all these set correctly a regular maintenance programme should be undertaken. With the correct specification and maintenance schedule then energy and raw material savings can be expected.
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Energy Savings by Use of the Correct Spray Nozzle Keywords: |
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business industrial efficiency cost savings spraying painting money saving energy Energy Savings by Use of the Correct Spray Nozzle Business Business |
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Related Article:Energy Savings by Use of the Correct Spray Nozzle |
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John audlee |
2008-04-09 |
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Title: Cleverly Disguised Pepper Spray Protection
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There are a number of clever ways to carry pepper spray protection so that it is disguised, appearing instead to be an everyday accessory. This not only adds the element of surprise to your attack of a would-be assailant, but it also reduces the likelihood that an attacker will recognize this personal defense weapon and turn it on you. Here are some of the ways manufacturers have chosen to disguise this powerful and useful self defense product. Cane Dispenser Pepper Spray Protection :- This cane has a vertical support attached to a horizontal handle. The nozzle is contained in the sturdy foot of the cane, while the handle conceals a can of pepper spray with an activation button that is concealed by a sliding door on the handle. In one smooth movement, the protective door can be opened and the button depressed to activate the safety spray, while raising the end of the cane towards the assailant. Fashionable Pepper Spray Protection :- Canisters and holders are now being offered in a variety of colors, and some of these safety sprays are even bejeweled with rhinestones for the girl who wants some bling to go along with her personal safety. Pagers and Cell Phones Pepper Spray Protection :- While not electronically functional, these clever security sprays hold one or two small canisters of pepper spray, and clip right onto a belt or purse. Fitness Weights Pepper Spray Protection :- A unique accessory for the fitness-minded, these one pound hand weights conceal a one-half ounce canister of pepper spray in each weight. These safety sprays add resistance to your workout, as well as security. Pepper Spray Protection Pens :- These slim, easily concealable pepper spray devices contain one long burst of blinding protection – usually about eight seconds worth. It looks just like a fountain pen but can deliver a shot of pepper spray up to eight feet. Lipstick Pepper Spray Protection :- From the outside, this safety spray looks just like any other tube of lipstick. Inside is the surprise that carries up to five, one-second bursts of pepperspray. With a range of up to six feet, this one is enough to make any would-be attacker pucker up. No matter which method you choose to carry your pepper spray protection, you can be assured of having a powerful weapon at your disposal to protect you from attack. Containers of pepper spray protection now come in all shapes and sizes to allow for taste and lifestyle preferences. Some of these security sprays are fashionable and stylish, others slyly disguised as everyday items. Others still are developed solely as a utilitarian device, providing mass coverage of the product. Using pepper spray is discreet, as it can be carried concealed in nearly every area without any legal ramifications, and the use of pepper spray protection as a self defense mechanism has been researched and supported through exhaustive research and documentation. While there may be the chance of those with medical conditions becoming exposed to greater risk than an average, healthy adult, pepper spray protection has been proven to work effectively as an alternative to other types of more lethal force when it comes to providing the best personal protection.
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Andrew Stratton |
2008-04-03 |
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Title: Spray Foam Insulation: Efficient and Durable Product for Insulation
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Spray foam insulation is an environment friendly material used for the insulation of houses. It has taken over the market of traditional insulation products due to more efficiency and durability. Spray Foam Insulation allows residential and commercial structures to be more sustainable by making houses more energy efficient, healthier, and durable than traditionally insulated homes. Most spray foam materials are water assisted and soy-based, so they do not have much of a negative impact on the environment and can provide the homeowner with decreased energy costs in the end. Most traditional spray foam materials are made of glass or cellulose, which are not that environment friendly. However, spray-on insulation, made of polyurethane foam, is pumped through pressurized spray nozzles. Once sprayed, it expands to one hundred times its original size and provides a thermal seal and it utilizes renewable resources. The product also can be water-blown which means it is more environmental friendly than traditional one. When it expands, it fills each cavity, crevasse and hole to create a sealed envelope. If properly installed, most spray foam does not usually foster mold or insects and does not break down, hence creates a sealed interior, blocking unwanted pollution out. Spray foam insulation adheres to most material, such as wood and steel and can be used for new constructions or renovations. If the installation is correct, this product poses few issues with properly installed electrical wiring. Spray foam insulation can seal and fill all the tiny cracks and seams. The material helps to eliminate energy wasting air filtration which can save on framing costs, as well as window and door jambs. This type of product also helps control moisture condensation because it will not shrink and it is fire resistant. In addition, the environment friendly product has been known to alleviate the discomfort associated with indoor allergies and other airborne illness. If an individual decides to get spray foam, they must understand that the initial insulation costs may be higher than with traditional foam material. The initial cost of using it can be more expensive than using traditional materials. Even though it is more expensive, after insulation you could lower your utility bill by as much as thirty percent. This means you could pay back the cost difference within years of installation. Spray foam insulation is also not a do-it-yourself procedure and therefore you can not cut costs by installing the material yourself. The insulation should be installed by independent certified contractors and must take place after the electrical, plumbing and mechanical systems are installed. Only trained professionals should install it because it requires specialized sophisticated equipment to install it properly. In addition, it can be very messy and complicated as well. A contractor should also be trained to ensure that the products are properly installed. You should also work with electricians and plumbers who are familiar with working on this product. Since it is fairly new, there may not be many contractors in the area who can apply insulation. Being a complicated and messy process, it will be easier and more effective in new construction rather than existing homes. Once installed properly, it takes care of the health, safety and comfort of your house. For construction of houses and buildings, make use of spray foam insulation which has variety of benefits, including energy efficiency, cost effectiveness, and high hazard safety. Visit the website http://www.apexfoam.us to learn about the product and its benefit.
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Andrew Stratton |
2008-02-13 |
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Title: Spray Foam Insulation is The Wise Choice for Your Home or Business
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In recent years, all the world has started to focus on energy conservation, and getting the most out of reusable products. In addition to the various hybrid cars, energy efficient appliances, light bulbs, and such, you can include spray foam insulation. This kind of insulation offers multiple features for the environmentally (and economically) aware. Spray foam is a green, cost effective and safe material to install in your home or business. Spray foam is made from agriculturally based materials that are naturally occurring. It also contains one of the highest levels of reusable materials, making it environmentally friendly even when you're ready to dispose of it. Energy efficiency is another attractive feature. Because of the nature of the materials and the means of application, the spray foam creates an air tight seal between the walls. This translates to heating and cooling savings for your home or business. When applied, the insulator fills every nook and cranny, keeping the elements where they belong – outside. Not only does it save you money on the monthly bills, it can save you up to $500 dollars at tax time. Of course, there are certain requirements, including the quality of the foam, warranties and documentation by the manufacturer, but when you consider to those tax savings, getting the paperwork isn't such a big deal. Yet another way you can save with this type of insulator is on installation itself. It's so simple to apply, that you can rent equipment and do it yourself. Even if you hire out, the application is relatively quick and easy, saving the contractor time on the job. One of the most important features about the spray foam insulation is how household safe it is. Because of the composition of the materials, it provides no nutritional value to rodents or vermin, nor does it allow or support mold growth. Beyond that, your insulation can function as an effective part of a fire prevention system. The foam is fire resistant. When combined with proper alarm devices and safety plans, it can contribute to the safety of your building and whoever's inside. The material's been tested in industry standard fire trials, and stands up better than most to sustained fires. It just doesn't catch fire like some materials can. That definitely brings peace of mind. Whether you're remodeling or starting fresh, spray foam insulation is a wise choice for your insulating needs. It's environmentally friendly, and lends itself easily to the big job of making existing structures green. It's a money saver on both monthly bills and tax time. And finally, it protects your structure from nasty things like mold and vermin, while offering a moderate level of fire safety (when combined with an appropriate monitoring and safety system). Going green in the 21st century shouldn't be a hassle. With spray foam insulation, you can turn your home or business into an eco-friendly site. The savings you get from the energy efficiency and quick application makes this a wise choice to suit your building needs. If you're thinking of going green on your home or business, spray foam insulation is a great choice. It offers eco-friendly materials, energy efficiency and safety from a variety of typical problems. For an idea of what the insulation can offer, visit Apex Foam today. http://www.apexfoam.com
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Arnold Cafe |
2007-12-23 |
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Title: Firefighting Nozzle With No Back Pressure - A Technological Breakthrough
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Have you ever heard of a hand held firefighting nozzle with no back pressure? Well, the zero back pressure technology for firefighting nozzle is here with us now, it has to stay to enable us to upgrade our firefighting capability and to get rid off the constraints that the conventional firefighting nozzle had been facing since its inception. One of these constraints, is the manual usage of firemen on bigger diameters which is not possible for conventional firefighting nozzle because of the uncontrollable effect of back pressure that it has brought in. Firemen are usually confined only to using not bigger than 2.5 inch diameter of conventional firefighting nozzle due to safety concern and the difficulty to contain the back pressure manually. It usually took four men to control a 2.5 inch at 250 psi conventional firefighting nozzle. With this new technology at hand, the firefighting industry could now be able to reduce their manpower requirement by more than half than what they normally require. Not only that, this could be also advantageous to communities, volunteer fire department and areas with limited firefighting resources. The technology itself helps eliminate fireman’s greatest concern of a hose and nozzle whipping action that is usually difficult to control and most importantly it can be lethal to anyone’s own personal safety. With the no back pressure technology, a nozzle can be dropped on the floor at 250 psi and it will simply lay there without movement. It is really a sigh of relief to most of the fireman, who no longer have to exert so much energy in countering and getting hold against back pressure, instead they could be able to reserve their energy by maintaining their position and effectiveness for a longer period of time in putting off fires. Among the handicaps of conventional firefighting nozzle, the bigger the diameter the greater the back pressure is, hence it has to be mounted on a firm ground or a rigid foundation to leverage the back pressure it has to contain. With the new technology, it has revolutionize the perception of what firefighting nozzle can do beyond of what has been only known in conventional. In its safety aspect, the new technology has emancipated from risky to a risk free and firefighting friendly equipment. It does not need to be mounted and anchored on a firetruck or a stationary foundation in order to be effective in its usage. With back pressure eliminated it can now be held as a portable firefighting equipment by anyone that can now be able to access areas where firetrucks barely can’t do. Small fire boats that is used in putting off ship’s fires can now suck water directly from the sea and shoot a big stream with high pressure pumps without even to worry of rocking the boat. It is believed, however, that the potential applications of this technology does not end with fighting fires but its usefulness goes beyond of what has not yet perceived by us for the moment. Herewith. are some amazing information about the features and benefits of this new technology to wit: a) The firefighting nozzle with no back pressure has been designed to atomize water into a very fine particles, it has a surface area capable of absorbing up to a hundred times more heat than the normal stream of water used for fighting fires through instantaneous conversion to steam, this expanded surface can suck the heat out of a fire so quick that fires are normally extinguish faster with less water compared to that of conventional nozzle with back pressure. b) Since the fires are extinguish quicker with less water, damage from fire, water and smoke is greatly reduced. The quick conversion to steam reduces the smoke and suck it up upward on the top of the room leaving the bottom part visually open which can be a big lift in rescue and retrieval operations. c) The stream of water emitted from the nozzle is so “soft” that it does not tear up or damage as what it did and has done to with conventional nozzles. d) The amount of water required in putting out the fire has drastically reduced and in so doing, it also prevent from further damage due to excess water in the building. e) The firefighting nozzle without back pressure as a product, is cheaper to produce compared to conventional, it has no moving parts, thus there is little to no maintenance required. f) In firefighting nozzle without back pressure, it has such a highly cooling effect that fire fighter’s can work closer to the fire safely, which increase chances of rescuing fire victims. g) It can be used with any type of material to produce foam. During tests, it has exceeded the quantity and the quality of most foaming equipment that is available in the market today. Tests conducted in fire departments across the US with FXA foaming material used, they had not been able to reignite the fires once they were put out. h) Lastly, there’s a lot of benefits that can be derived from this new technology economically, but the safety factor breakthrough outweigh the economic benefits.
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Carl Ringwall |
2007-05-09 |
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Title: Keep Yourself Protected & Secure With the Proper Use of Pepper Spray
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Carrying pepper spray is easy. Using it on someone can often be the difficult part, especially for girls who don't have the killer tendency that men seem to have. Catch Him Off-Guard! The surest way to use your spray is to hit the guy before he has a chance to react to you. Your goal should be to shoot quickly to incapacitate your attacker and then get away rapidly. Keep Your Eyes Open! Don´t shut your eyes when firing your pepper spray. You may have to compensate your aim slightly. You should fire the spray for 2 to 3 seconds, nether a short spray nor a long drenching. After firing your pepper spray, the assailant will normally stop immediately, unable to see and helpless due to violent coughing and irritation. Once the assailant is down, stop spraying. Move back and get away as rapidly as you can. Practice and Visualize Visualize beforehand how you would respond if attacked. Consider carrying the spray can in the same place whenever possible. You can then move quickly to use the pepper spray for the desired effect. Don't wait until you are in a threatening situation to have a plan of action to a threat. Be sure you can pull out your pepper spray quickly. Good locations would include a easy to access pocket, a handbag or a belt loop. Remember Your Goal: You want to get free and escape. Don't worry about anything else! Leave arresting the guy to the police. Just shoot and get free from danger! Keep out Of Danger with Our Security Products! http://www.SecuritySafeySpy.com Safety and Security Products
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Victoria Lee |
2006-08-07 |
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Title: The 411 on Pepper Spray
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Do the words "pepper spray" conjure up images of a great new spicy sauce from Emeril’s kitchen? Unlike your favorite hot sauce, pepper spray is not something you’d want to use to spice up your dinner. No, pepper spray is one mean self-defense device, and that is why it is so popular. And just like hot sauce, there are many different kinds of http://www.safetychest.com">pepper spray on the market. There are different concentrations of pepper spray, different sized canisters, different brands, and even pepper spray disguised in things like ink pens and rings. With all these choices, how can you know what type of pepper spray is right for you? The first thing you need to know is exactly what goes into a canister of pepper spray. There are three main kinds of chemicals that go into pepper sprays: CS, CN, and OC. CS and CN both attack and irritate the tissues in a person’s nose, eyes, and throat, otherwise known as the membrane tissues. When the chemicals get into these tissues, they cause them to run, tear and burn like crazy. But the sensations are not always immediate. Depending on the attacker, they can take anywhere from 5 seconds to 30 seconds to take effect, and even that is not guaranteed. If a person is intoxicated or high on drugs, or if they can’t feel pain for some other physical or mental reason, the CS and CN will not take them down. The CS and CN chemicals are better known as tear gas, and they do have a profound effect on attackers and other people that happen to catch a whiff of the spray. But people can build up resistances to CS and CN. Because of this, the military and police departments have been known to put their recruits through a tear gas initiation, so that they can later be able to fight through the effects of tear gas. On the other hand, the OC chemical, or oleoresin capsicum always works. That’s because technically this natural chemical is not an irritant, but an inflammatory compound. That means that the chemical has nothing to do directly with pain, though OC surely does cause pain. Instead, the main outcome is to cause the person’s membrane tissues to swell up. Their throat swells shut, and allows only the most basic breathing. In the meantime, their respiratory system goes into coughing seizures and their eyes swell shut. OC is so powerful that it even causes the blood vessels in their eyes to “swell up,” or dilate. So a person goes temporarily blind, whether or not their eye lids swell shut. Nothing—not training, drugs, booze, or will power—can help a person when they are sprayed with pepper spray containing OC. They become incapacitated to the fullest, and can’t even concentrate enough to beg. What does all of this mean to you? Basically, if you want a pepper spray to work, you need to buy the real thing. That means a spray with OC, or capsicum in it. Your personal safety is well worth it. Victoria Lee is the Director of Marketing for Safety Chest. Safety Chest carries a complete line of http://www.safetychest.com">pepper spray for your personal protection. For more information about Safety Chest please visit http://www.safetychest.com"> http://www.safetychest.com .
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Mary Coyle |
2007-10-31 |
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Title: Installation of UV Air Purifiers Offers Energy Savings
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With all of the discussions surrounding rising energy prices, the need to be more environmentally friendly, and poor indoor air quality, it can seem like a daunting and expensive undertaking. However, with one simple, yet effective, product known as a UV clarifier or negative ion generator, poor indoor air quality can be significantly improved while offering substantial energy savings.
Dr. Kowalski, PE, Ph.D. at Penn State University has concluded that the costs associated with ultraviolet air purification systems can be "justified as a capital expenditure by the savings it provides." Throughout her studies she found that the installation of UV clarifiers provide savings in energy as well as maintenance costs-all while offering tremendous health benefits that are associated with a healthy and clean indoor environment. However, the savings and benefits of UV disinfection and negative ionizers do not have to be limited to places such as hotels, hospitals, or health care facilities. Rather, people can utilize ultraviolet air purification systems and air ionizers within their own homes and offices and experience all of the benefits without breaking the bank.
UV air purifiers that are able to be installed within the HVAC unit, provide the clean air we've all been looking for by altering the DNA of bacteria, mold, mildew, and other allergens in heating and air conditioning systems. Experts estimate that approximately 90% of pollution is inside buildings. Since heating and air conditioning or air conveyance systems have the ideal conditions for the growth of bacteria, mold, mildew, and other hazardous air pollutants and allergens, it is imperative that we keep it clean and functioning at its optimum capacity.
An ultraviolet air purification system addresses the issues of rising energy prices and energy efficiency by minimizing the amount of work that is required for your HVAC unit to conduct. Many are aware of the importance of changing filters; however, we fail to realize the wear and tear that bacteria, mold, mildew, and allergen build-up has on our HVAC system. UV light air purifiers eliminate the need to ever clean the mold off your cooling coil (evaporator coil) again. Additionally, it helps decrease cooling costs by keeping the cooling coil from plugging up with mold and other harmful particulate matter; thus providing a significant savings in energy and dollars by improving or maintaining the efficiency of the HVAC unit and extending the life of the coils.
UV air purifiers also address the need to be more environmentally friendly. The mold, mildew, and other hazardous air pollutants, found in most heating and ventilation units, as well as the culmination of fine dust, germs, mold spores, pollen, animal dander, and other allergens circulating throughout the air, can lead to a host of odor issues, not to mention numerous health concerns. Typically the way people deal with odor is with harsh chemicals, candles, or other methods that "mask" the odor rather than eliminating it. Unfortunately, although these methods may make you believe that the odor is gone, it really isn't. As a matter of fact, more harmful particulates have been made airborne due to the chemical and harsh materials found in these cleaning and scented products that can take a toll on our health as well as the environment.
Thankfully, UV air cleaners can be installed in the HVAC system to address all of these problems and result in cleaner, healthier air. UV sterilizers are able to cleanse the air, kill odors, destroy allergens, and prevent the transmission of sickness and disease as it generates safe and highly effective hydroxyl ions and negative ions.
Since the air in your home, office, school, or hospital circulates through the HVAC system between 200 and 400 times in a 24-hour period, it makes sense to ensure that it is emitting the cleanest air possible. Some air purification systems are able to produce 2,500 times more germicidal effect than the amount in the sunlight that reaches the earth's surface, using a carefully selected, optimum portion of the UV-C ultraviolet spectrum. Hence, it is crucial to compare ultraviolet air purification systems before making a purchase. However, with the right UV air cleaner/purifier, you can make your home or office the energy efficient, environmentally friendly, clean air space you've always desired.
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Janet Rusky |
2008-03-11 |
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Title: More Tip To Reduce Your Gas Bill 1
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>>> Turn the nozzle When you have finished filling up your gas tank try turning the nozzle of the hose a full 180 degrees.
This will drain a bit more gas into your tank; in some cases up to an entire half cup that would otherwise be a bonus to the next gas customer. Once you get into the habit of turning the hose you’ll find yourself doing it without thinking. That extra half cup that you get each time that you fill your gas tank can add up to a lot of extra gas at the end of the year that you never have known about. >>> High octane gas !!!!! Please consult your Owner's Manual before changing the grade of fuel you use. !!!!! For most cars these days, buying higher-octane gas is a waste of your money. Regular unleaded has approximately 87 octane already and is fine for your vehicle. By avoiding buying high-octane gas you’ll be saving a large amount of money over a period of time. High octane gas is always more expensive at the gas pumps so the next time that you feel guilty for filling up your SUV with regular gas you can be assured that no harm will come to your vehicle. Octane is simply a measurement of how difficult it is to ignite the gas in your car and has nothing to do with the quality of the gas. If you are experiencing engine pings, rattles, or knocks you can switch to high octane gas. However, you shouldn’t be experiencing any of those knocks and rattles if you are keeping your vehicle maintained and making sure that you don’t miss those scheduled maintenance checkups.
If you are driving a new model car you definitely shouldn’t be hearing any pings or rattles and if you are you should take your vehicle to a mechanic. >>> Avoid topping off Try to avoid “topping off” at the gas pumps. When you purchase just a bit of gas at the gas station the pump doesn’t have enough time to really activate, resulting in short bursts of fuel that may short change you from the amount of gas that you are purchasing. The best time to replenish your gas tank is when you have half a tank or less left in your vehicle, or when you find a gas price that you just can’t afford to miss. >>> Avoid running your gas tank too close to empty Try not to drive your car when the gas gauge is on empty. You may think that you using very little gas when your car is on empty, but you are in fact using more gas because your vehicle is running less efficiently as it tries to accelerate and decelerate in a normal fashion.
Keep your gas level above the quarter tank mark if at all possible. >>> Avoid buying gasohol You should never purchase gasohol for your car since it contains only two-thirds of the energy of gasoline. This means that you would need to buy much more gasohol to go the same distance on a tank of gasoline. Gasohol is a mixture of ethanol (alcohol made from grain) and gas, and is used by some farmers to help cut the amount of pollution in the air. Even if you are traveling and it seems like the only fuel choice for miles is gasohol try to avoid buying this type of adapted fuel.
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Silvester Thompson |
2007-10-11 |
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Title: Building Long-term Energy Savings Into your Home
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Here are a few ways to save energy in your home:
* Windows and doors: Today's architecture takes advantage of increased window space and elaborate entry systems. This style enhancement certainly adds to the appeal of a home, but it increases the importance of having energy-efficient windows and doors.
On average, a household spends nearly 50 percent of its annual energy costs in heating and cooling. You can reduce this expense by up to 15 percent by using energy-efficient windows and doors, which help decrease the transfer of heat. Start by looking for products that have the Energy Star label. This label identifies products that meet the strict energy-efficiency guidelines set by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the U.S. Department of Energy.
* Construction materials: Wood or vinyl (for windows) and steel (for doors) offer high energy efficiency. For windows, dual-pane insulating glass units and low-emissivity glass also increase the products' energy efficiency. For steel doors, look for a polystyrene core, which helps the door retain its energy-saving properties longer than steel doors with a polyurethane core.
Rest assured, however, that you will not have to forgo style and beauty when seeking energy efficiency. Many manufacturers, such as Jeld-Wen Windows and Doors, offer a variety of Energy Star-qualified products that are attractive, durable and provide superior performance. In fact, upgrading windows and doors is a great way to build energy savings into your current home.
* Insulating your home: In addition to diminishing heat transfer through windows and doors, you can ensure even temperatures in the home by selecting proper insulation. Well-insulated homes can save up to 30 percent on heating and cooling costs. Pay attention to the R-values used to rate the energy efficiency of insulation - a higher R-value indicates a better ability to resist heat flow, meaning that it is more energy efficient.
* Heating and cooling engines: Installing oversized heating or cooling equipment is a common practice to provide customers with immediate results. However, oversized equipment is not necessary if your home is designed to conserve energy; it will only add to the growth of your energy bill.
Visit a local home improvement center to learn more about heating and cooling options.
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Carl Ringwall |
2007-08-13 |
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Title: Keep Yourself Protected & Out of Danger With the Correct Use of Pepper Spray
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Carrying pepper spray is easy. Using it on an assailant can often be not so easy, especially for women who don't have the aggressive streak that males seem to have.
Use the Element of Surprise!
The surest way to use your pepper spray is to shoot the guy before he realizes what is happening. Your goal should be to shoot quickly to incapacitate your assailant and then move away quickly.
Keep Your Eyes Open!
Don't shut your eyes when shooting your pepper spray can. You may have to correct your aim slightly. You should shoot the spray for 2 to 3 seconds, nether a rapid shot nor a extended spray. After shooting your pepper spray, the assailant will normally stop within seconds, blinded and extremely impaired due to uncontrollable coughing spasms. Once the assailant is disabled, discontinue spraying. Back away and move away as rapidly as you can.
Practice and Visualize
Visualize beforehand how you would react if attacked. Consider carrying the spray canister in the same place whenever you can. You can then move quickly to use the pepper spray for the best results. Don't wait until you get attacked to have a plan of action to a scary situation. Be sure you can get to your pepper spray quickly. Good locations would include a easy to access pocket, a purse or a belt loop.
Aim Your Pepper Spray Properly
Aim at the assailants face at close range either in a stream. The technique simple - follow the attacker's head while spraying. Make sure you are within range of your pepper spray cannister - normally 6-8 feet away. Don't let the attacker get any closer or he may try to grab your arm- keep your 'spraying' hand close to your body to minimize the chance your spray unit will be taken away from you.
Timing is Everything
Don't raise and point the spray until you're ready to shoot. Wait until the assailant is withing range and you know the spray will hit him full in the face area. Remember, you want the spray to hit him in the face- breathing in the spray causes the reaction. Surprise him before he can have a chance to react or think.
Remember Your Aim:
You want to get away unharmed. Don't be concerned about anything else! Leave arresting the guy to the police. Just shoot and get out of there!
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