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The History of Coffee

Coffee - THE Drink of Choice

Did you know coffee is the most consumed beverage in the world. How did coffee get this ranking? What country first figured out coffee was safe for consumption? When was the first drink of coffee prepared? Where did the first coffee shop come in being? There are many questions about the starting point of drinking coffee. It has been so long ago no one really knows all the facts. But, one thing is for sure, coffee is the most consumed beverage on the planet.

The Beginning of Coffee

It looks as if the first trace came out of Abyssinia and was also sporadically in the vicinity of the Red Sea around seven hundred AD. Along with these people, other Africans of the same period also have a history of using the coffee berry pulp for more than one occasion like rituals and even for health.

Coffee began to get more attention when the Arabs began cultivating it in their peninsulas around eleven hundred AD. It is speculated that trade ships brought the coffee their way. The Arabs started making a drink that became quite popular called gahwa--- meaning to prevent sleep. Roasting and boiling the bean was how they made this drink. It became so popular among the Arabs that they made it their signature Arabian wine and it was used a lot during rituals.

After the coffee bean was found to be a great wine and a medicine, someone discovered in Arabia that you could also make a different dark, delicious drink out of the beans, this happened somewhere around twelve hundred AD. After that it didn't take long and everyone in Arabia was drinking coffee. Everywhere these people traveled the coffee went with them. It made its way around to India, North Africa, the eastern Mediterranean, and was then cultivated to a great extent in Yemen around fourteen hundred AD.

Other countries would have gladly welcomed these beans if only the Arabs had let them. The Arabs killed the seed-germ making sure no one else could grow the coffee if taken elsewhere. Heavily guarding their plants, Yemen is where the main source of coffee stayed for several hundred years. Even with their efforts, the beans were eventually smuggled out by pilgrims and travelers.

Coffee Shops Appear

Around 1475 the first coffee shop opens in Constantinople called Kiv Han two years after coffee was introduced to Turkey, in 1554 two coffee houses open there. People came pouring in to socialize, listen to music, play games and of course drink coffee. Some often called these places in Turkey the "school of the wise", because you could learn so much by just visiting the coffee house and listening to conversations. In the sixteen hundreds coffee enters Europe through the port of Venice. The Turkish warriors also brought the drink to Balkans, Spain, and North Africa. Not too much later the first coffee house opens in Italy.

There were plenty of people also trying to ban coffee. Such as Khair Beg a governor of Mecca who was executed and Grand Vizir of the Ottoman Empire who successfully closed down many coffee houses in Turkey. Thankfully not everyone thought this way.

Coffee Tips Arrive

In the early sixteen hundreds coffee is presented to the New World by man named John Smith. Later in that century, the first coffee house opens in England. Coffee houses or "penny universities" charged a penny for admission and for a cup of coffee. The word "TIPS" (for service) has it's origin from an English coffee house.

Early in the 17th century, Edward Lloyd's coffee house opens in England. The Dutch became the first to commercially transport coffee. The first Parisian café opens in 1713 and King Louis XIV is presented with a lovely coffee tree. Sugar is first used as an addition to coffee in his court.

The America's Have Coffee

Coffee plants were introduced in the Americas for development. By close to the end of the seventeen hundreds, 1,920 million plants are grown on the island.

Evidently the eighteen hundreds were spent trying to find better methods to make coffee.

The Coffee "Brew" in the 20th Century

New methods to help brewing coffee start popping up everywhere. The first commercial espresso machine is developed in Italy. Melitta Bentz makes a filter using blotting paper. Dr. Ernest Lily manufactures the first automatic espresso machine. The Nestle Company invents Nescafe instant coffee. Achilles Gaggia perfects the espresso machine. Hills Bros. begins packing roasted coffee in vacuum tins eventually ending local roasting shops and coffee mills. A Japanese-American chemist named Satori Kato from Chicago invents the first soluble "instant" coffee.

German coffee importer Ludwig Roselius turns some ruined coffee beans over to researchers, who perfected the process of removing caffeine from the beans without destroying the flavor. He sells it under the name Sanka. Sanka is introduced in the United States in 1923.

George Constant Washington an English chemist living in Guatemala, is interested in a powdery condensation forming on the spout of his silver coffee flask. After checking into it, he creates the first mass-produced instant coffee which is his brand name called Red E Coffee.

Prohibition goes into effect in United States. Coffee sales suddenly increase. Brazil asked Nestle to help find a solution to their coffee surpluses so the Nestle Company comes up with freeze-dried coffee. Nestle also made Nescafe and introduced it to Switzerland.

Other Interesting Coffee Tidbits

Today the US imports 70 percent of the world's coffee crop. During W.W.II, American soldiers were issued instant Maxwell House coffee in their ration kits.

In Italy, Achilles Gaggia perfects his espresso machine. The name Cappuccino comes from the resemblance of its color to the robes of the monks of the Capuchin order.

One week before Woodstock, the Manson family murders coffee heiress Abigail Folger as she visits with her friend Sharon Tate in the home of filmmaker Roman Polanski.

Starbuck's Hits the Coffee World

Starbucks opens its first store in Seattle's Pike Place public market in 1971. This creates madness over fresh-roasted whole bean coffee. Coffee finally becomes the world's most popular beverage. More than 450 billion cups are sold each year by 1995.

The Current Coffee Trends

Now in the 21st century we have many different styles, grinds, and flavors of coffee. We have really come a long way even with our coffee making machines. There's no sign of coffee consumption decreasing. Researchers are even finding many health benefits to drinking coffee. Drink and enjoy!

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How to Choose a Good Coffee Cup

What Kind of Coffee Cup Is Right for Me?

If you are a one cup a day coffee drinker then it’s not too difficult to grab whatever coffee cup that is in the kitchen cupboard and fill it with coffee. However, if you drink coffee like most Americans then you need more than just any old cup; you need one that fits both your personality and your coffee drinking habits.

Travel Choices

Travel coffee cups are becoming increasingly popular among coffee drinkers because they are able to keep the coffee warm a bit longer than a regular cup and they are made to be taken in the car or wherever you might be headed without making a mess. The travel coffee cup is also a good choice for parents with small children as it reduces the risk of a child grabbing a hot coffee cup and burning themselves because the travel coffee cup has a lid that fits securely.

Traditional Choices

For the more traditional coffee drinker there is always the good heavy coffee cup to bring about feelings of comfort and peace. A stoneware coffee cup helps keep the coffee warm yet is still warm to the touch on a cold winter morning. It is not recommended to put very hot coffee in a porcelain or thin material cup due to risk of burns. If you are going to choose a coffee cup that isn’t a heavy material always be careful when picking it up as the heat can reach the outside of the coffee cup very quickly.

When choosing a coffee cup that you will be using on a regular basis, make a point of choosing material, color, and the ability to fit in your hand comfortably. This is because in a way this is about to become a long term relationship for you and you want something that you will be able to cherish and enjoy for many cups of coffee to come. Roland Parris Jefferson III is an online researcher based out of Los Angeles, California. For free tips, recipes and expert advice on Coffee, please visit our Coffee Cup Resource.

How Do Coffee Grinders Work?

Coffee grinders will grind roasted coffee beans into tiny little grounds that are either fine or coarse. By grinding your own coffee, its totally up to you on how you like it best.

Coffee grinders will produce fine or medium grounds which are best for old style coffee makers. Those who love espresso will want to grind the beans into a fine grind, similar to sugar or salt. Coarse coffee grounds are good for percolators or vacuum brewers.

Coffee grinders come in two main types. The first type of many coffee grinders use rotating steel blades. These blades on the coffee grinders chop up the coffee beans, making it o-so-nice for you.

The bladed coffee grinders allow the coffee lover to control the type of grounds. The type of grounds the bladed coffee grinder makes depends on how long you grind the beans.

Other types of coffee grinders uses a grinder wheel. This is called a burr grinder. To get coarse or fine grounds, you move the burr on the coffee grinder. Many people say this type of coffee grinder allows you more control as to the type of grounds you make.

The price of a burr grinder really depends on the type of wheel, whether it is flat or cone-shaped. The burr coffee grinder with the cone-shaped wheel rotates slowly and the coffee grinder will plug up less frequently.

If you chose coffee grinders that work in two different ways. Manual coffee grinders come with a crank on the side. (this is the old-fashion way) You have to crank the handle manually until all the coffee beans are grounded.

If you don’t want to do that much work to have freshly ground coffee, you should probably shop around for electric coffee grinders. Electric coffee grinders are the most popular coffee grinder on the market today. Many electric coffee grinders are small and inexpensive so you can carry them anywhere to grind a perfect cup of coffee.

There are advantages to grinding your own coffee with coffee grinders. You can grind coffee that suits your taste and not rely on pre-packaged coffee grounds.

Coffee grinders can be found in most stores and online. A coffee grinder can range in price from about $20 to several hundred dollars. The coffee beans can be purchased at grocery stores or at a specialty coffee shop.

How you want your coffee to taste and the type of coffee you brew is all up to you.

Are you looking for the perfect cup of coffee? Try visiting Coffee Grinders , a website that specializes in providing coffee advice, tips and resources to including information on the coffee grinder.

An Introduction to Coffee Cupping

Cupping Coffee

Table Preparation:

Normally, in coffee cupping session, the table is set up with 6 to 8 cups per coffee. These are set in a triangular way. At the top of this triangle you need to place a taster of a roasted coffee and a taster of the green coffee. In the center of the table place a cup of room warmth water and an unfilled cup containing the cupping spoons. Next you need to cover both the green sample and roasted taster until the cupping session is over and the coffee aroma, smell, and flavor profile have been completely documented. After this time, both coffee tasters can be uncovered and extra comments could be written based on appearance. This method normally helps reduce the common “eye coffee cupping” method.

Coffee Flavor Analysis:

After the coffee has cooled suitably take some coffee into the spoon and taste the coffee sturdily to aspirate it around the whole tongue. It is significant to aspirate sturdily as you are trying to cover the whole tongue consistently. Aspirating sturdily would as well cause tiny droplets of coffee to be dispersed into the throat and in the nasal passage. The nose could then act as another influential tasting tool. Most of the flavor experimental in a coffee is a consequence of aromatic compounds available in the coffee. This result could also be demonstrated by plugging your nose during drinking coffee. While the nasal passage is blocked, the coffee would probable taste same as to instant coffee as it lack aroma. When the nasal passage is opened, a full rainbow of flavors would then become evident.

Conclusions:

The key to cupping coffee is carry out and humility. The best cuppers known are self-effacing and always eager to learn more. The beauty is that we agree to disagree while respecting and trying to recognize the characteristics, which other people find.

Coffee Making - Where Your Coffee Comes From

Brazilian coffee – The country of Brazil produces more coffee than any other area in the entire world. The hot, humid climate and rich soil of Brazil is perfect for large coffee plantations. Brazilian coffee has been famous for many years and it wasn’t too long ago that most coffee drinkers simply assumed that the coffee they were drinking came from Brazil. Though it may be different these days, with many people being more conscious of where their coffee was grown, Brazil is still the largest supplier. Before the new coffee craze in the United States, most exported Brazilian coffee was a blend of high-quality and low-quality beans – with the focus being on keeping the price of coffee low. These days, however, with people being more discerning about the coffee that they drink, a lot of the coffee that comes from Brazil is very high-quality, with advancements being made all the time in flavor enhancement. Coffee from Brazil can definitely hold its own these days against any other “specialty” coffees.

Columbian coffee – Running a close second to Brazil, the country of Columbia is a major coffee producer. Columbian coffee ranks right up there with Brazilian coffee in terms of richness and flavor, as their climates and soil compositions are very similar. Many times coffee producers will combine Columbian and Brazilian coffees to make unique new blends that are very pleasing to the palate. Hawaiian coffee – the only state in the entire United States that produces and exports coffee, Hawaii has been renowned for the special rich flavor of its coffee beans. The famous Hawaiian “Kona” blends have been a favorite of coffee lovers for many years, and for good reason. No matter how coffee makers from other areas try, they cannot completely duplicate the unique flavor of Hawaiian coffee. Many people say it is the combination of the perfect weather, and the rich soil that has been produced by a history of volcanic activity.

There are many more countries and areas that produce coffee, and for each area that coffee is grown, the flavors can all be different, if only subtly. Those who are interested in trying all of the different types of coffees out there, from many different areas, should do some research. They may discover coffees that they’ve never tasted or even heard of before. For coffee lovers, this can be quite an adventure! John Gibb is the owner of coffee making sources , For more information on how to make coffee check out http://www.cofeemaking-sources.info

History of Coffee: Part V - Speciality Coffee

During the ‘Dark Age’ of coffee there was still excellent coffee available, if you knew where to look for it. A number of small cafes and shops continued to trade, sourcing and roasting high quality arabica beans. These outlets were typically run and frequented by immigrants (usually Arabs, Turks, Greeks and Italians), far from the mainstream.

All this began to change in the 1960s, with the post World War II ‘Baby Boomers’ coming into adulthood. Many of this generation were keen not to follow in their parents footsteps, preferring to act in a more bohemian way. For them, these cafes and shops were an ideal place to meet, read poetry, take drugs and experience alternative culture.

One such coffee shop in Berkeley (California) is widely credited as being the main inspiration on the emergence of the speciality coffee sector. Peet’s Coffee & Tea store, opened in 1966 by Alfred Peet (dubbed the ‘grandfather of speciality coffee’), enthused a number of its customers, who later became key players in the speciality sector. Peet, an immigrant from Alkmaar (Holland), had developed a distinctive style of roasting coffee from working in his family’s coffee and tea business. After emigrating to California, aged thirty-five, he opened his shop employing his artisan coffee roasting techniques to build a loyal customer base. Peet’s coffee was so loved that he even had his own set of groupies: the ‘Peetniks’.

Two of Peet’s most important customers (historically) were a couple of Seattle coffee lovers named Jerry Baldwin and Gordon Bowker. In 1971, after tasting Peet’s fine brews, they were inspired to open their own coffee shop back in Seattle called Starbucks. Starbucks opened as a bean-only-store, steadily building a loyal customer base during the 70s and early 80s through its fine arabicas and darker roasts.

In 1984, the director of retail operations and marketing, Howard Schultz, tried to persuade Baldwin and Bowker to open the first Starbucks coffeehouse. Schultz had just returned from a trip to Milan, where he had noticed the existence of coffeehouses on almost every block. These were not just places to enjoy great espresso coffee, but also served as meeting places. Schultz was keen to recreate this kind of coffeehouse in America, but Baldwin and Bowker rejected Schultz’s plans as they were unwilling to get into the restaurant business.

Undeterred, Schultz left Starbucks in 1985 to open his own coffeehouse, ‘Il Giornale’. Still using Starbucks coffee beans to make espresso drinks, Il Giornale proved extremely popular with the Seattle public. So popular in fact() that, in 1987, Schultz was able to buy Starbucks from Bowker and Schultz. Changing Il Giornale’s name to Starbucks, Schultz began to rapidly expand, opening over 1,000 stores in a decade.

The story of the first British speciality coffeehouse also involves Alfred Peet. In 1995, Scott and Ally Svenson wanted to open a coffeehouse in Covent Garden, London. Their background was in marketing and design and, even though they were originally from Seattle, they did not know much about coffee. This is why they approached Steven Macatonia and Jeremy Torz of Union Coffee Roasters. Steven and Jeremy had fallen in love with coffee while working at Peet’s in California. On their return home they decided to open their own roasting outlet and were soon supplying places such as the River Café, the Caprice, and the Ivy.

The Covent Garden coffeehouse, named the Seattle Coffee Company, was another big success and inevitably expansion soon followed. The rapid growth of the company caused increasing demand on Union Coffee Roasters, so the two companies decided to merge together. In 1998, after opening over 60 outlets throughout the UK, Starbucks came knocking at their door. They saw the acquisition of the Seattle Coffee Company as an ideal way to enter the UK market. Soon the Seattle Coffee Company was no more, with all its stores re-branded as Starbucks.

The popularity of coffeehouses has been phenomenal. Almost every high street in Britain has a least one coffeehouse now. Words such as espresso, cappuccino and café latte are commonplace. In fact the price of a café latte is now one of the products that the British government use to measure inflation. Market analysers believe that the success of the coffeehouse is not solely due to the coffee they serve, but the atmosphere in which it is served. Coffeehouses in Britain in the 1990s were a break from convention. In the consumerist landscape of the high-street, coffeehouses represented a place to relax. Customers were encouraged to take their time over their coffee; sit on big comfy sofas; offered the daily newspapers to read; allowed to idle the afternoon away watching the world go by. In other words, coffeehouses had returned to playing their original role in society, as they had done when they first arrived in Britain back in 17th Century.

The growth of these coffeehouses has helped to heighten the public’s awareness of the speciality coffee sector. Increasingly, individuals are looking to have a slice of the coffeehouse in their own home, investing in espresso makers and other coffee accessories. Coffee is now widely available from a multitude of origins, roasted to differing degrees and ground to your requirement. In short, the ‘Dark Age’ of coffee is well and truly over.

James Grierson is the owner of Galla Coffee: www.gallacoffee.co.uk - Uk online retailer of designer coffee accessories. Through the Coffee Knowledge section of his website he aims to help people understand more about coffee and give them tips on how to make great tasting coffee in their home.

Check out www.gallacoffee.co.uk/acatalog/Coffee_Knowledge.html for more articles.

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